How To Get Ahead Of Any Potential Issues By Working With Expert Home Builders In Perth

home being constructed

When people start constructing their dream house, this can be an extremely nerve-wracking time. There are many reasons for this but most of all people are worried about all of the potential issues that can arise. This is because so many people have borrowed that maximum amount of money that they can from the bank and so need to ensure that they stick to budget.

For instance, people will need to ensure that they have the most up-to-date plans of the area so that they don’t accidentally install something in the wrong place. Furthermore, they will need to ensure that they order the correct materials and that they arrive in time for the work to be completed. This is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the planning that must go into this process which is why it is so important to work with expert builders in Perth. When people do this, they are able to get ahead of any potential issues and can help ensure that they are sticking within their budget.

 

People can ensure that there is enough space and time for trades when they work with expert home builders in Perth

construction worker

One of the biggest mistakes that people can make (that is also super easy to do) is to accidentally book several different tradesmen at the same time. This means that a plumber, electrician, and brick layer may all show up at the same time and none of them are able to work around each other. Furthermore, all of these tradesmen will have their team and equipment with them which quickly turns a worksite into a complete cluster muck.

It also makes it really hard to track of who is coming and going when there are so many people on deck and so this makes it easier for mistakes to be made and for no one to own up to them. Additionally, complete strangers could walk onto the job site and no-one would have a clue. So in order to keep a site safe, it can be a good idea to work with expert home builders in Perth. They are able to communicate will all of the relevant trades so that they are showing up at the right time and so they have the sufficient space to complete their work.

 

When people work with expert home builders in Perth, they can ensure that they are sticking to important rules and regulations

What first time owners may not realize is that they simply can’t start the construction process and do whatever they like. They will need to gather council approval every step of the way and make sure that everything is up to code. If something is put in place that doesn’t mean these requirements, people will likely have to pull them out and start again which, of course, can cost a lot of money.

In addition to this, people may also receive a hefty fine which will leave them feeling seriously sore in the wallet department. The good news is that all people have to do in order to avoid this is work with expert home builders in Perth. They are the best people to take care of such things as they will ensure that only licensed professionals are completing the work and they will know how to fill out council applications correctly. As it can be seen, people are easily able to get ahead of potential issues when they work with expert home builders in Perth.

 

 

 

What You Should Consider Before Getting A Medical Abortion In Sydney

Deciding to pursue the termination of a pregnancy is often an incredibly confusing and stressful ordeal for women in that position. It is a decision that only the woman can make, although she may be faced with a great deal of external pressure to lean one way or the other.

There are obviously a huge amount of factors that going into making this decision and ultimately there is no ‘wrong’ choice you can make. All that matters is that you make the right decision for you.

However, a lot of women can feel confused about what to do. If you are in the early stages of pregnancy and living in metropolitan New South Wales, then you may be in the process of considering a medial abortion in Sydney.

Let’s take a look at some of the things you should take into consideration before pursuing a medial abortion in Sydney.

woman

 

The difference between this and the surgical option

Many people do not realise, but there are actually two forms of termination that women can undergo. Getting a medical abortion in Sydney involves taking a special kind of medication that forces the uterus to expel the pregnancy without the need for any kind of surgery.

A surgical termination is what is more commonly understood by most people and involves an invasive procedure in which a doctor physically removes the pregnancy. The surgical option is highly effective and, contrary to some misinformation, does not because complications with future pregnancies should the woman desire them.

You can only safely get a medical abortion in Sydney if you are less than 9 weeks pregnant. It is a low-risk option, with a 98% success rate. It is also, obviously, far less invasive than the surgical option and is considered to feel more ‘natural’ to many women, being comparable to a miscarriage or heavy period.

 

Your personal circumstances

woman sitting

For many women put in the position of considering a medical abortion in Sydney, their personal life circumstances are the biggest deciding factor. Many women feel as though they would like to have children at some point in their life, but don’t feel like they’re ready, either emotionally, financially or both, to raise a child.

For women who have been victims of sexual violence and have become pregnant as a result of that, getting a medical abortion in Sydney is considered a highly valid option. If you did not want a child or if you do not feel you have the resources to properly care for one then there’s no reason to carry on with the pregnancy.

Some women have had surprise pregnancies, carried the baby to term and then felt very satisfied as mothers. It’s all about what you personally want to do – you should not feel pressured one way or the other.

If you are worried about any potential physical complications or side effects, the best thing to do is always to consult with your doctor. They will give you a professional opinion based on your history and current health about how safe the procedure is for you to carry on with.

 

Your personal beliefs

Needless to say, a woman getting a medical abortion in Sydney is a still a very controversial issue and there are many opinions, both religious and philosophical, against terminating a pregnancy. As mentioned, the decision should be entirely yours so that it satisfies your personal beliefs rather than anybody else’s.

As you can see, the choice for a woman to pursue a medical abortion in Sydney is an extremely involved one and shouldn’t be treated lightly.

 

 

Things To Remember About Brochure Printing

If you’re trying to design and produce materials for your business then there are aa lot of important factors to consider, like budget and techniques.

Different methods, techniques and material choices will lead to very different outcomes when it comes to brochure printing so having a clear idea of what you want can go a long way. Read on below to find out more.

 

Budget

It’s important when looking for brochure printing service providers to balance budget considerations with quality. Higher quality production methods, stock and ink, as well as more experienced professional providers who may be able to offer advanced techniques typically run at a higher cost.

If you have a fairly straightforward, quick project in mind that doesn’t require any fancy brochure printing techniques then it might be worth seeking out a franchise or a more budget printing option.

Generally you get what you pay for though, so if you’re project requires experience or technique it’s best to ensure you have a reasonable budget in place.

Service providers will be able to provide you with accurate cost estimates to give you an idea of what is reasonable, if it doesn’t fit within your budget they will likely be able to provide suggestions on cost effective substitutions or come up with ideas to fit your budget.

 

Quality

brochure

Low quality work is not worth the investment. Before choosing a company for your brochure printing needs, make sure you inquire about their quality control process. Most providers will be able to show you samples of their work, it’s always a good idea to have a look through their samples to get an idea of the quality that they output.

Nobody wants to pay for sloppily done work. Reviews are another great avenue for ensuring high work quality, if they have good word-of-mouth or a lot of glowing review online then they’re probably a safe bet. Poor reviews indicate you might be playing roulette when it comes to getting the results you want.

 

Design

Your design is very important when it comes to brochure printing. Colours, patterns and layouts don’t always look the same when produced as they do on the screen. As your chosen provider for a sample for approval before going ahead with the whole work. This will give you an opportunity to see if there are any areas of your design that might need to be tweaked.

 

Content

When preparing material for brochure printing it is important to carefully consider the content, what kind of message are you hoping to convey?

Promotional materials are almost always about putting your best foot forward so planning and targeting your content is important. If you’re trying to be informative then make sure the key information is easily readable on your materials. If you want it to be concise or punchy, or have a call to action then ensure that this is clearly conveyed on your design.

 

Stock

Selecting the right stock can have a big impact on your customer’s reaction to your materials. Cheaper stocks can give the impression that your product or service is cheaper, whilst the nicer stocks can entice customers.

If you’re event is a one off then a heavier stock, or a boutique kind might not be available. It’s all about considering your particular needs and the message you’re trying to get across to your customer.

 

Advanced techniques

If you’re looking to use higher end techniques for your brochure printing then it’s important to get an experienced provider. Techniques like foiling, embossing, Spot UV and laser cutting require know-how and real experience.

 

How To Go About Organising ACAT Assessments In Sydney

old woman eating

For those out there who may not be aware, ACAT assesments in Sydney are required when someone is looking to move into an aged care facility. Furthermore, this is required when someone is looking to be approved for government-funded services such as a respite, home care, residential aged care, a nursing home, or even home care. The reason for this is that not all people out there will be in a position where they can afford these types of services on their own.

As this is the case, people should always find out what they are entitled to by organizing acat assessments in Sydney. While this is all well and good, many people are completely new to this subject and will have no idea where to start. It is important that these people know that they aren’t alone and that there is plenty of support out there that they can rely upon.

This can be an extremely difficult time for many people but this kind of system is designed so that things can seem a little more straight forward. People can easily know what they are entitled to and are then able to make educated decisions from there.

 

old woman sittingPeople are able to organise acat assessments in Sydney by contacting different nursing homes

For those out there who are completely new to this subject, they will have peace of mind knowing that there are plenty of professionals out there who are able to help. For instance, when someone starts looking for a place for their loved ones to live they may arrange to visit several different nursing homes. When they do this, they are able to discuss the ins and outs of the finances and the staff members may be able to point people in the right direction of how to get started.

For instance, people usually organise acat assessments with nursing home staff members when they have a referral from a health care professional. This could be from a nurse, a local GP, or from a social worker. The only thing that people will have to do in this instance is ensure that they have given these professionals consent in order for them to pass on personal details as well as a referral.

 

What kinds of things can people expect to go through when completing acat assessments in Sydney

However people end up going about organizing acat assessments in Sydney, it can usually be helpful for them to have an understanding of some of the things that they will need to discuss. A range of factors will be looked at ranging from health and medical history, any physical requirements that the person may have, psychological needs, social needs, as well as any other special needs or concerns. This last part is important as many people have religious activities that they will want to ensure that they can continue with.

It can also be helpful for some people to know that acat assessments in Sydney are free to participate in. This is important for many as they might be wanting to help out a loved one but won’t have much money to work with. This kind of service will usually take 45-minutes to 75-minutes to complete.

Once people have completed this, people will then receive a copy of the report approximately two-weeks after the meeting has taken place. This will allow people to proceed with the process of applying for a desired nursing home or aged care facility. In conclusion, the whole process is designed to be straightforward for everyone to understand.

 

Advantages of Buying Italian Furniture Items Online

In 2019 there is a greater need for consumers to hold the balance of power when investing in valuable items.

Now that the world has become a smaller place where retailers and manufacturers can connect with marketplaces all across the globe, buying online should be seen as the superior option for the modern day shopper.

This applies to homeowners and business managers when looking for Italian furniture products that will give them quality, prestige, comfort, functionality and affordability.

There will be those individuals who will continue to head out to retail outlets all across the country wanting to get a feel and look for the product in real time.

If this is a preference of yours, that is perfectly understandable.

But before you undertake that endeavour, take some time out to consider why online retailers can offer something a local store cannot.

 

Gauge the Full Product Line

The sad reality for those that want to venture to a single department store is that they are limited by the range of products that are on offer at that very moment. There could be Italian furniture goods that would be perfect for the surrounding décor but they happen to be out of stock at that time. With an online retailer who has the network and connections with various brands, a new set of sofas, lounges, cabinets, dining tables, coffee tables or leather cushions are just a simple click away. To make the best decisions as a consumer, you need to have the full gamut of options at your disposal and the World Wide Internet offers those pathways.

 

Saves Logistical Costs

There are inherent costs that are included when opting for Italian furniture at a local retail outlet. Due to the fact that these businesses are paying for rental space, they will escalate their goods to include additional taxes on the items. Then there is the hassle of having to transport yourself to and from the location, costing fuel money or public transport fees. When you venture online for an appropriate Italian product that matches your needs, you will have the ability to factor in the shipping of the asset without transporting yourself or paying for additional taxes.

 

Timed To Your Convenience

There is no rush or time pressures associated for those that want to do their Italian furniture online. If the nearest outlet closes their doors at 5pm and won’t be open until the next available working day at 9am, you might not have time on your schedule to undertake that task. It is when you arrive home from work or during a weekend that this could be the most convenient time for you, a window that is never closed on the web. From early mornings to afternoons or late nights, on weekends and public holidays – the world is your shopping oyster!

furniture

 

Cut Down Prices and Discounts

It can be difficult as a shopper in a retail store to know when Italian furniture items are on sale or if they are priced as standard. Online there is a clear distinction as discount codes are issued for returning customers and partnered affiliates alike. Hunting a bargain in this setting is so much easier and this is why 2019 consumers prefer this method.

 

Measuring and Planning

Being removed from the hustle and bustle of a store also allows you as a consumer to plan the inclusion of different Italian furniture items into your home or office setting. Discover what the dimensions of the cabinet or lounge will be and compare that to the space you are shopping for. Here is where you can take snapshots on your smartphone and run this assessment away from a desktop if necessary.

 

What To Expect From IT Internships And How To Make A Great Impression

When someone completes their studies, the next step is usually to gain work experience. There can be some cases where this may be apart of someone’s studies but usually people will need to find this work experience on their own. When people do this, people are able to ensure that they are completely prepared when it comes time to finding a great job.

As this is so important, it is imperative that people find a great position. One where they can be nurtured and are able to gain necessary skills. In addition to this, people will usually want to find a position where they are working in good conditions. This means that they won’t be bullied or overworked.

While this is all well and good, many people struggle when it comes time to finding IT internships because this is such a competitive field. With so many other students out there, it can seem impossible to find a great position where people are able to get the support that they need. Furthermore, many have no idea of what to expect when they do find a position and so will become quite anxious. As this is the case, this article will explore what people can expect from IT internships and how they are able to make a great impression.

 

People completing IT internships can usually expect to be completing humdrum tasks the majority of the time

man facing his computer while talking to someone over the phone

For many companies out there, they feel that their interns have to pay their dues. This means that they will usually spend the majority of their time completing humdrum tasks. In return, they may be taught a thing or two about the field that they are in.

This can be comforting to know as people may be worried that they will be required to complete tasks that are outside of their comfort zone. While, of course, people will be completing IT internships in order to gain new skills, the majority of the time will be spent helping the other staff members who already work there. The good news is that this gives people the chance to get a good look at how an office works on a day to day basis.

The best way to make a good impression in these situations is to complete all of the tasks without complaining and to get an ear open for opportunities to learn when they arise.

 

When people complete IT internships they will likely receive a reference in return

While there are plenty of people who will gain employment at the same place where they complete their work experience, this isn’t always the case. What people can expect, however, is to receive a glowing reference if they put in the hard work. This means that they go above and beyond and are able to show initiative on a day to day basis.

When people receive a glowing reference like this, they are much more likely to obtain a fantastic job that they are able to grow in. Furthermore, they will have the skills that they need in order to thrive in their new position. References can last a life time and people are able to take them with them to every new job they apply for.

At the end of the day, every company will work a little differently and it will take a little bit for people to get used to the new position. Having said that, most IT internships will allow people to look skills that they need in order to gain employment.

 

 

 

 

How To Decide If Cafe Blinds Are The Right Choice For You And Your Family

For most people out there, they will need to carefully consider what options they would like to purchase for their homes. The reason for this is because most people are on a tight budget and will be looking to do what they can to curb costs. Others will want to ensure that they are getting the most value for money and that their choices will last for as long as possible.

As this is the case, people must put the time and energy into research so that they can make well-educated decisions. This is even the case when it comes to something as seemingly simple as choosing blinds for the home. A common choice is cafe blinds, however, people need to keep a few things in mind before investing in this option.

This is so people can ensure that this option will not only suit their building type but that it will also suit their needs. Furthermore, there are certain variations that people will need to decide upon such as a manual operation or an automatic operation. Similarly, some will have a track option and others will be clip and tension. As there are so many different things to think about, this article will explore how you can decide if cafe blinds are the right choice for you and your family.

 

Cafe blinds are the perfect option for those who are wanting an unrestricted view

One of the most common reasons why people tend to go for this option is so they are able to keep an eye on their little ones playing in the back yard. Others will simply not want to completely block the view to their beautiful garden or outside view. Whatever the case may be, cafe blinds are a fantastic option for those who are wanting to create an indoor space that is seemingly connected to the outdoors.

This isn’t something for everyone, however. Some people love to have solid walls with windows that they can open and shut when they choose. Or windows that they can have curtains or shades over which they can then open and close when they want.

For many who have young ones, they will want the option to have their home as dark as possible so that their kids can sleep soundly. Whereas some will like as much natural light in their homes as possible. As it can be seen, those with different tastes and needs will have different options that suit them.

 

Cafe blinds are the perfect option for those who have alfresco or outdoor areas

Another reason why so many people opt for cafe blinds is because they simply want to protect their outdoor space from the elements. They want to feel like they are sitting outdoors but they don’t want to have to deal with wind, insects, harsh sun, and rain. As this is the case, it is usually best to implement some kind of shade system in an alfresco area.

Having said this, some people will prefer to have their entertaining area indoors, especially those who may not have a large outdoor space. Others will want to do their entertaining in their garage. So for those who are looking to do all of their entertaining indoors, cafe blinds may not be the best option for them.

For those who do want to create a gorgeous outdoor space, they are easily able to implement this option so that they can enjoy their home all year round. Furthermore, they can ensure that their guests are always comfortable.

 

 

Choosing The Right Paper For Your Wedding Cards

When you’re tying the knot in the not so distant future there are many tough decisions to make. One these is what to say on your invitations to family and friends. It can be equally as hard to choose not only the perfect words, but also what to put these on. We’re talking what kind of paper to print your whimsical work of art onto. It can be quite the dilemma.

Who knew there were so many kinds of paper to choose from? We were certainly surprised to find these 8 different options for your wedding cards, and this list isn’t even exhaustive…

Check these out and perhaps you’ll be one step closer to finding that picture perfect paper.

wedding card

 

  1. Marbled

Just as the name implies, this paper actually looks like marble stone. How fancy! This can be an elegant black and white scale, or your choice of colours melting into one another for an eclectic background.

You can either getting your wedding cards formally printed onto marbled paper, or easily DIY it. Here’s how…

  • Float ink in some water by lightly touching the surface of the water with the tip of your ink pen
  • Swirl the ink
  • Place sheets of paper in the water,
  • Admire your end result – a divine marbled texture

 

  1. Glossy

This is paper with a shiny finish, ideal for photographs, so if you’re looking to include a beautiful portrait of you and your partner on your wedding cards, this will make a great choice.

 

  1. Matte

A coating is added over the paper to create a less shiny but still quite smooth appearance. If you want some beautiful colour contrasts and clarity for your images and text, this is a great option for your wedding cards.

 

  1. Parchment

Are cellulose bakery-release paper. It’s a thin, flat material made from prepared animal skin, and traditionally used in medieval times. These days it’s soaked in sulfuric acid or zinc chloride to dissolve the paper.

For an old-fashioned feel, use parchment paper to make your wedding cards into scrolls.

 

  1. Mylar

Paper coated form polyester film meaning it can be stretched a fair way without breaking. If you like the sound of silvery, metallic wedding cards, mylar is the paper for you! Also as they are rigid and durable, the invitations getting damaged is one less thing to worry about.

 

  1. Glassine

Glossy, grease free, and water resistant.  You may have seen this used in photo albums, stopping photos from getting stuck together.

Have you heard of ‘calendaring’? It’s the process by which fabrics are passed through calendar tubes at high temperatures and pressures, this causing the textiles to produce a watered moire effect.

Glassine paper is made via ‘super calendaring’. While this may not be some fancy super power, as the name suggests, it does produce a translucent, water and grease-free paper. Dyes can for an opaque end product.

 

  1. Recycled

We highly rate this eco-friendly option. Recycled paper is a booming business with a lot of rippled coloured creations coming out of India.These often radiate an organic theme in both appearance and texture.

Why stop here? See how many green products and services you can use in the making of your big day.

 

  1. Linen

True to the name, linen paper indeed looks like fabric and is made from fabric. Boasting elegance and class, it has a timeless aesthetic and soft, gentle texture (throwback to the Ancient Egyptians embalming ancestors in linen cloth).

Print clean and crisp words and simple designs on to your linen wedding cards.

 

 

Will Dispute Lawyers: FAQ’s Answered

The death of a loved one is a stressful and traumatizing experience, and that is before you even consider the legal side of things. Unfortunately, for many people there is little time to grieve due to the fact that there is so much to organize, such as fulfilling the deceased persons wishes in regards to how their assets are divided, as well as organizing their belongings. But what happens if you believe you have wrongfully been left out of their will? This can make the situation more difficult, however, it does not mean you are unable to do anything about it. Will dispute lawyers are able to help you if you find yourself in this situation. Keep reading to find out everything you need to know about will dispute lawyers.

 

What is a will?

A will is a legal document that classifies the wishes of the deceased person. Included within this document is the identification of those in which the assets and estate should go to, and in which proportion. Generally, those who inherit the money, assets and estate are family members, however sometimes people are excluded from the document. This can be incredibly distressing for the excluded person; however, there are laws in place that allow the document to be contested. If you find yourself in this situation, you are within your rights to contest it. The best way to go about doing this is by contacting a will dispute lawyer.

 

What is a will dispute lawyer?

This type of legal practitioner specializes in disagreements surrounding the distribution of money, property and assets. It is possible to get aid from a specialized legal professional if you have been left out of a will and believe that you are eligible to receive a share of the assets. As this is a complicated process, you will be unable to undertake this process alone, so if you find yourself in this situation, the first person you contact should be a will dispute lawyer.

 

Why would I need the assistance of a will dispute lawyer?

lawyer

The main reason you would need the help of a legal professional is because it is a complicated and long process. It is important for the legal system to understand why you may have been excluded from the document, and if this was wrongly done. The Succession Act allows the Court to get involved in these matters and the Family Provision Claim states that the deceased should have recognized a person in their documents. By hiring a professional, you are ensuring you have the best chance possible of getting a portion of the estate. It is important to discuss your situation so you know if you are eligible, and if so what your options are.

 

Am I eligible?

There are several ways to determine if you are eligible to contest this document; The Act defines who an eligible person is. This is as follows:

  • The wife or the husband of the deceased at their death
  • A person in which the deceased was in a de-facto relationship with at the time of death
  • A child of the deceased or a child who the deceased had a parental responsibility for
  • A former spouse
  • A person who was dependent upon the deceased
  • A person living in a close or personal relationship with the deceased

If you fall under any of these categories, you are able to disagree with the document and make a claim for a portion of the assets. The best thing you can do is to contact a will dispute lawyer.

Although the death of a loved one is always a difficult time, it can be made more challenging through the legal process. However, it is important to remember that just because you were not included in the document, it does not mean you are not eligible. If in doubt, contact a will dispute lawyer.

The Advantages of Buying Artificial Grass at a Sydney Price

The quality of one’s lawn can often be symbolic of someone’s status, profession or personality. The lush green turf of a rich English garden says so much about history and heritage. Moreover, it is a reflection of hard work and dedication. However, manicuring authentic turf is incredibly difficult, particularly in Australia’s arid climate. For a period of time, Australia had strong water restrictions, namely because of the extreme drought. However, such restrictions have been relaxed a lot in some areas. Because maintaining a rich lawn is extensive, purchasing a synthetic lawn is a suitable alternative and comes with a wide array of advantages. So, here are several advantages of installing artificial grass at a Sydney price.

 

Save on your water bills

One key benefit of buying a synthetic lawn is that you can save a lot of money on your water bills. In order for real turf to remain lush and springy, you need plenty of water. This can be time-consuming, physical draining and costly. Water is not a cheap commodity, particularly in arid climates like Australia. In Sydney, artificial grass Sydney price is generally higher than conventional turf costs, however, the heavier initial cost is more than offset by water saving advantages down the track.

 

Less ongoing maintenance

In addition, there is far less ongoing maintenance if you synthetic lawns. The maintenance price for artificial grass in Sydney is greatly minimized because the turf doesn’t require the same level of treatment as a conventional lawn. Keeping your fake lawn in tip-top shape is actually very, very easy!

 

Still looks real

There are a lot of misconceptions surrounding the use of fake lawns. One major mistaken belief is that the turf actually looks fake. This is not true. You’ll actually find that a lot of people won’t actually notice the difference, even if they decide to walk on it barefoot. Indeed, it is the perfect addition for your backyard, particularly if you like to host outdoor parties and hate having to fix your lawn after it has endured a lot of foot traffic.

 

Completely safe

Another misconception regarding fake lawns is that they are unsafe or contain harmful chemicals. In fact, you’ll find that the artificial grass prices in Sydney are higher than normal turf alternatives because of safety requirements. Ironically, fake turf is often designed from materials like nylon, which is often found in a lot of clothing fabrics and eating containers.

 

Good for your children and pets

If you decide to buy artificial grass at a Sydney price, you’ll find that it’s actually great for the kids and the pets. Indeed, most fake turf purchases are for families with children or animals, particularly dogs.  If you have any children or own any pets, the synthetic alternative is perfect as it is soft on their skin. In fact, you can even install soft pads underneath your lawn so as to cushion the fall of your young ones. You don’t need to worry about the safety of your kids and it’s even easier to clean up after any pets because any pet waste doesn’t sink into the lawn as quickly.

 

Perfect for your tenants

If you decide to rent your property out to some tenants, there is always the worry that the property, including the garden, will not be treated and cared for consistently. When you purchase your artificial grass at a Sydney price, you’re not wasting any money, since a regular lawn would probably deteriorate if tenants are left to look after it. You want the place looking as good as possible and, therefore, purchasing an artificial lawn in Sydney seems like a cheap price to pay for a great substitute.